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Book of Louis Chagnon: the Muslim conquest of Egypt
The Muslim conquest of Egypt (639-646)
Louis Chagnon
This authority shall submit to the wisdom of the readers a story the conquest of Egypt by the Muslims, the vile century. Egypt was a country of great strategic importance to Constantinople and the first non-Arab country to fall into the hands entirely Muslim. Its conquest is traditionally portrayed as easy, thanks to the collaboration would have made some Christians (Monophysite) the Muslim conquerors. Louis Chagnon, based on Christian and Muslim historical sources, compares the facts in this presentation and analysis, in light of the documents, demonstrates that it is far from the truth it presents the political organizations and armed presence, reconstructs the battles, following the successes and setbacks of the Egyptian resistance during this long war punctuated by massacre and desolation, it takes a clear stand on controversial historical issues raised.
Author Biography
Louis Chagnon is a Professor of History, he was Senior Research Fellow Service History of the Air Force from 2003 to 2005 and has worked since 2005 at the Historical Department of Defense. For several years, he leans on the study of Muslim conquests, mainly in the first four caliphs. It is already the author of a book that provides an introduction to the beginnings of Arab-Muslim conquests, published by Godfrey of Bouillon.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (September 1, 2008)
Interview with Louis Chagnon listen:
http://lumiere101.com/2008/11/26/la-conquete-musulmane-de-legypte/
The Muslim conquest of Egypt
→ Topics: History
Jean-Luc Carbuccia receives Louis Chagnon Professor of History at about his book The Muslim conquest of Egypt , accomplished in 6 years (639-646) during the seventh encore.Division century and lasting political and weakening of the Empire because of the wars against the Persians. Strong motivation related to Arab booty 
The Muslim conquest of Egypt (639-646)
Louis Chagnon
This authority shall submit to the wisdom of the readers a story the conquest of Egypt by the Muslims, the vile century. Egypt was a country of great strategic importance to Constantinople and the first non-Arab country to fall into the hands entirely Muslim. Its conquest is traditionally portrayed as easy, thanks to the collaboration would have made some Christians (Monophysite) the Muslim conquerors. Louis Chagnon, based on Christian and Muslim historical sources, compares the facts in this presentation and analysis, in light of the documents, demonstrates that it is far from the truth it presents the political organizations and armed presence, reconstructs the battles, following the successes and setbacks of the Egyptian resistance during this long war punctuated by massacre and desolation, it takes a clear stand on controversial historical issues raised.
Author Biography
Louis Chagnon is a Professor of History, he was Senior Research Fellow Service History of the Air Force from 2003 to 2005 and has worked since 2005 at the Historical Department of Defense. For several years, he leans on the study of Muslim conquests, mainly in the first four caliphs. It is already the author of a book that provides an introduction to the beginnings of Arab-Muslim conquests, published by Godfrey of Bouillon.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (September 1, 2008)
Interview with Louis Chagnon listen:
http://lumiere101.com/2008/11/26/la-conquete-musulmane-de-legypte/
The Muslim conquest of Egypt
→ Topics: History
Jean-Luc Carbuccia receives Louis Chagnon Professor of History at about his book The Muslim conquest of Egypt , accomplished in 6 years (639-646) during the seventh encore.Division century and lasting political and weakening of the Empire because of the wars against the Persians. Strong motivation related to Arab booty
Tuesday, December 2, 2008
How To Built Spiral Handrail
A monk among Muslims
Document
Letter of Charles de Foucauld René Bazin
"Muslims can they really be French?"
Charles de Foucauld
-------------------------------------------- -------------------------------
The letter addressed by Father Charles de Foucauld René Bazin, the French Academy, was published in the Bulletin of the Catholic Press Office, No. 5, October 1917.
It was published on the Foundation website service policy, on the occasion of the beatification of Father de Foucauld by Pope Benedict XVI, November 13, 2005 in Rome.
----------------------------------------------- ----------------------------
JESUS CARITAS
Tamanrasset by Insalah via Biskra, Algeria, July 29, 1916.
Sir
Thank you very much for want to answer my letter, in the midst of so much work, and if a brother. I could, you write me, tell you the useful life of the missionary among the Muslim population, my feeling on what can be expected from a policy that does not seek to convert Muslims by example and by education and therefore maintains Mohammedanism finally conversations with characters from the desert in the affairs of Europe and war.
life of the missionary among the Muslim populations
(...) The isolated missionaries like me are very rare. Their role is to prepare the way, so that missions that replace a population are friend and confident, somewhat prepared souls to Christianity, and, if possible, a few Christians. (...) We need to accept Muslims for them to become the trusted friend, to whom you go when you are in doubt or difficulty, the affection, wisdom and justice of which there are absolutely. Only when we got there we can get to do good to their souls. Inspire absolute confidence in our accuracy in the rectitude of our character and our higher education, give an idea of our religion by our goodness and our virtues, be affectionate relationships with as many souls as we can, Muslim or Christian native or French is our first duty: it is only after having our fill, long enough, you can do good. My life is therefore to be as much as possible in relation to my surroundings and to make all the services I can. As the intimacy is established, I mean always or almost always face to face, good God, briefly, giving everyone what he can wear, leakage of sin, an act of perfect love, act perfect contrition, the two great commandments of love of God and neighbor, self-examination, meditation for last, in sight of the creature to think of God, etc.., giving to each according to his strength and advancing slowly, cautiously. There are very few missionaries isolated by this office of pioneer and I wish there were many: any priest in Algeria, Tunisia or Morocco, while a military chaplain, all devout Catholic layman (the example of Priscilla and Aquila), could be. The government banned the secular clergy to make anti-Muslim propaganda, but it is propaganda, and open more or less noisy, friendly relations with many natives, tending to bring slowly, slowly, silently, Muslims Christians become closer friends, can not be permitted per person. While pastor of our colonies, could try to form many of his parishioners to be Priscilla and Aquila. There are a tender and discreet propaganda among the natives to infidels, propaganda which is above all the kindness, love and caution, like when we want God to bring a parent who has lost faith ...
Hopefully after the victory our colonies take off again. What a great mission for our cadets from France, to colonize the territories of the African motherland, not to get rich, but to make love France, including French and make souls especially their eternal salvation, being primarily Priscilla and Aquila! How
Frenchify the peoples of our African empire
My thought is that if, gradually, slowly, the Muslims of our colonial empire in northern Africa are not converted, there will be a nationalist movement similar to that Turkey: an intellectual elite will be formed in large cities, educated in French, without the spirit or the French heart, which has lost its elite Islamic faith, but keep the label in order to influence it by masses on the other hand, the mass of nomads and remain ignorant rustics, away from us, firmly Mohammedan increased to hatred and contempt of the French by religion, by his wise men, through the contacts she has with the French (authority representatives, farmers, traders), contacts that too often are not unique to make us love her. National sentiment or Barbary exalt in the educated elite: when she found an opportunity, for example in France's difficulties at home or abroad, it will use Islam as a lever to lift the ignorant masses and seek to create an independent Muslim African empire.
Empire North-West Africa from France, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, French West Africa, etc.., Has 30 million inhabitants, it will, through peace, twice in fifty years. It will then be in full progress material, rich, furrowed railways, populated by people versed in handling our weapons, including the elite will have received instruction in our schools. If we did not do these French people, they chase us. The only way they become French is that they become Christians.
This is not to convert them in a day or by force, but gently, quietly, by persuasion, example, good education, training, thanks to a power close and loving contact, works mostly secular French can be much more numerous than the priests and take a more intimate contact.
Muslims can they really be French? Exceptionally, yes. Generally, no. Many Muslims oppose tenets; ago with some accommodations, with one, that of Medhi, there is none: every Muslim (I am not talking about free-thinkers who have lost faith) believes that the approach of the Last Judgement will occur Medhi, declare a holy war, and establish Islam throughout the earth, having exterminated or subjugated all non-Muslims. In this faith, the Muslim looks at Islam as his true homeland and non-Muslim peoples as to be eventually overwhelmed by him or his descendants Muslims, it is subject to a non-Muslim nation, is a test transient; his faith assured him that he will emerge and triumph in his turn those which he is now subject; wisdom urges calm to undergo his trial; "bird trapped struggling loses its feathers and break the wings if he is quiet, it is intact on the day of liberation, "they say, they may prefer one nation to another, to love better than to be subjected to the French Germans, because they know the first softer and can be attached to specific French, as it is attached to a foreign friend, they can fight with great courage to France, from a sense of honor, character warrior spirit, true to their word, as the military fortunes of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, but, in general, with exceptions, as they are Muslims, they are not French, they will expect more or less patiently day Medhi, which they submit in France.
Hence our Algerian Muslims are so eager to apply for French nationality How to ask to be part of a foreign people we know have to be inevitably defeated and subjugated by the people to which one belongs oneself? This change of nationality really involves a kind of apostasy, a renunciation of the faith of the Mehdi ...
Kabyles
Like you, I ardently desire that France is the French, and our breed remains pure. Yet I am glad to see many Kabyle work in France, and this seems somewhat dangerous to our race, because almost all of the Kabyle, love their country, just want to make a nest egg and return to their mountains. If the contact
good Christians established in Kabylia is capable of converting and francize Kabyle, how much more prolonged life among Christians in France is it able to produce this effect!
(...) If the Berber race gave us St. Monica and St. Augustine in part, "that is reassuring. Nevertheless, the Kabyle today are not what their ancestors of the fourth century: their men are not what we want for our daughters, their daughters are not capable of doing good mothers we want.
For the Kabyle become French, however, that it will become possible marriages between them and us that Christianity alone, even giving education, the same principles, seeking to inspire the same feelings happen, over time, to partially fill the gap that now exists.
In recommending me fraternally to your prayers, and our Tuareg, and thanking you again for your letter, please accept the assurances of my respectful and religious devotion.
Your humble servant in the Heart of Jesus.
Charles de Foucauld 
Document
Letter of Charles de Foucauld René Bazin
"Muslims can they really be French?"
Charles de Foucauld
-------------------------------------------- -------------------------------
The letter addressed by Father Charles de Foucauld René Bazin, the French Academy, was published in the Bulletin of the Catholic Press Office, No. 5, October 1917.
It was published on the Foundation website service policy, on the occasion of the beatification of Father de Foucauld by Pope Benedict XVI, November 13, 2005 in Rome.
----------------------------------------------- ----------------------------
JESUS CARITAS
Tamanrasset by Insalah via Biskra, Algeria, July 29, 1916.
Sir
Thank you very much for want to answer my letter, in the midst of so much work, and if a brother. I could, you write me, tell you the useful life of the missionary among the Muslim population, my feeling on what can be expected from a policy that does not seek to convert Muslims by example and by education and therefore maintains Mohammedanism finally conversations with characters from the desert in the affairs of Europe and war.
life of the missionary among the Muslim populations
(...) The isolated missionaries like me are very rare. Their role is to prepare the way, so that missions that replace a population are friend and confident, somewhat prepared souls to Christianity, and, if possible, a few Christians. (...) We need to accept Muslims for them to become the trusted friend, to whom you go when you are in doubt or difficulty, the affection, wisdom and justice of which there are absolutely. Only when we got there we can get to do good to their souls. Inspire absolute confidence in our accuracy in the rectitude of our character and our higher education, give an idea of our religion by our goodness and our virtues, be affectionate relationships with as many souls as we can, Muslim or Christian native or French is our first duty: it is only after having our fill, long enough, you can do good. My life is therefore to be as much as possible in relation to my surroundings and to make all the services I can. As the intimacy is established, I mean always or almost always face to face, good God, briefly, giving everyone what he can wear, leakage of sin, an act of perfect love, act perfect contrition, the two great commandments of love of God and neighbor, self-examination, meditation for last, in sight of the creature to think of God, etc.., giving to each according to his strength and advancing slowly, cautiously. There are very few missionaries isolated by this office of pioneer and I wish there were many: any priest in Algeria, Tunisia or Morocco, while a military chaplain, all devout Catholic layman (the example of Priscilla and Aquila), could be. The government banned the secular clergy to make anti-Muslim propaganda, but it is propaganda, and open more or less noisy, friendly relations with many natives, tending to bring slowly, slowly, silently, Muslims Christians become closer friends, can not be permitted per person. While pastor of our colonies, could try to form many of his parishioners to be Priscilla and Aquila. There are a tender and discreet propaganda among the natives to infidels, propaganda which is above all the kindness, love and caution, like when we want God to bring a parent who has lost faith ...
Hopefully after the victory our colonies take off again. What a great mission for our cadets from France, to colonize the territories of the African motherland, not to get rich, but to make love France, including French and make souls especially their eternal salvation, being primarily Priscilla and Aquila! How
Frenchify the peoples of our African empire
My thought is that if, gradually, slowly, the Muslims of our colonial empire in northern Africa are not converted, there will be a nationalist movement similar to that Turkey: an intellectual elite will be formed in large cities, educated in French, without the spirit or the French heart, which has lost its elite Islamic faith, but keep the label in order to influence it by masses on the other hand, the mass of nomads and remain ignorant rustics, away from us, firmly Mohammedan increased to hatred and contempt of the French by religion, by his wise men, through the contacts she has with the French (authority representatives, farmers, traders), contacts that too often are not unique to make us love her. National sentiment or Barbary exalt in the educated elite: when she found an opportunity, for example in France's difficulties at home or abroad, it will use Islam as a lever to lift the ignorant masses and seek to create an independent Muslim African empire.
Empire North-West Africa from France, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, French West Africa, etc.., Has 30 million inhabitants, it will, through peace, twice in fifty years. It will then be in full progress material, rich, furrowed railways, populated by people versed in handling our weapons, including the elite will have received instruction in our schools. If we did not do these French people, they chase us. The only way they become French is that they become Christians.
This is not to convert them in a day or by force, but gently, quietly, by persuasion, example, good education, training, thanks to a power close and loving contact, works mostly secular French can be much more numerous than the priests and take a more intimate contact.
Muslims can they really be French? Exceptionally, yes. Generally, no. Many Muslims oppose tenets; ago with some accommodations, with one, that of Medhi, there is none: every Muslim (I am not talking about free-thinkers who have lost faith) believes that the approach of the Last Judgement will occur Medhi, declare a holy war, and establish Islam throughout the earth, having exterminated or subjugated all non-Muslims. In this faith, the Muslim looks at Islam as his true homeland and non-Muslim peoples as to be eventually overwhelmed by him or his descendants Muslims, it is subject to a non-Muslim nation, is a test transient; his faith assured him that he will emerge and triumph in his turn those which he is now subject; wisdom urges calm to undergo his trial; "bird trapped struggling loses its feathers and break the wings if he is quiet, it is intact on the day of liberation, "they say, they may prefer one nation to another, to love better than to be subjected to the French Germans, because they know the first softer and can be attached to specific French, as it is attached to a foreign friend, they can fight with great courage to France, from a sense of honor, character warrior spirit, true to their word, as the military fortunes of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, but, in general, with exceptions, as they are Muslims, they are not French, they will expect more or less patiently day Medhi, which they submit in France.
Hence our Algerian Muslims are so eager to apply for French nationality How to ask to be part of a foreign people we know have to be inevitably defeated and subjugated by the people to which one belongs oneself? This change of nationality really involves a kind of apostasy, a renunciation of the faith of the Mehdi ...
Kabyles
Like you, I ardently desire that France is the French, and our breed remains pure. Yet I am glad to see many Kabyle work in France, and this seems somewhat dangerous to our race, because almost all of the Kabyle, love their country, just want to make a nest egg and return to their mountains. If the contact
good Christians established in Kabylia is capable of converting and francize Kabyle, how much more prolonged life among Christians in France is it able to produce this effect!
(...) If the Berber race gave us St. Monica and St. Augustine in part, "that is reassuring. Nevertheless, the Kabyle today are not what their ancestors of the fourth century: their men are not what we want for our daughters, their daughters are not capable of doing good mothers we want.
For the Kabyle become French, however, that it will become possible marriages between them and us that Christianity alone, even giving education, the same principles, seeking to inspire the same feelings happen, over time, to partially fill the gap that now exists.
In recommending me fraternally to your prayers, and our Tuareg, and thanking you again for your letter, please accept the assurances of my respectful and religious devotion.
Your humble servant in the Heart of Jesus.
Charles de Foucauld
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